Fourth Limb of Ashtanga Yoga - Pranayama ; Breath Control

Pranayama is the measuring, control, and directing of the breath. Pranayama controls the energy (prana) within the organism, in order to restore and maintain health and to promote evolution. When the in-flowing breath is neutralized or joined with the out-flowing breath, then perfect relaxation and balance of body activities are realized. In yoga, we are concerned with balancing the flows of vital forces, then directing them inward to the chakra system and upward to the crown chakra.

Pranayama, or breathing technique, is very important in yoga. It goes hand in hand with the asana or pose. In the Yoga Sutra, the practices of pranayama and asana are considered to be the highest form of purification and self discipline for the mind and the body, respectively. The practices produce the actual physical sensation of heat, called tapas, or the inner fire of purification. It is taught that this heat is part of the process of purifying the nadis, or subtle nerve channels of the body. This allows a more healthful state to be experienced and allows the mind to become more calm.x As the yogi follows the proper rhythmic patterns of slow deep breathing "the patterns strengthen the respiratory system, soothe the nervous system and reduce craving. As desires and cravings diminish, the mind is set free and becomes a fit vehicle for concentration.

The conscious guidance of Prana in the body gives rise to an increase in vitality, physical detoxification and improved immunity, as well as the attainment of inner peace, relaxation and mental clarity.

In mythology it is said that the length of a person's life is predetermined by the number of breaths. The Yogi tries to “conserve time” and lengthen life by slowing down the breath.

Effects of Pranayamas

• Physical Effects
• Preservation of the body’s health
• Purification of the blood
• Improvement in the absorption of oxygen
• Strengthening the lungs and heart
• Regulation of blood pressure
• Regulation of the nervous system
• Supporting the healing process and healing therapies
• Increasing resistance to infection

Mental Effects

• Elimination of stress, nervousness and depression
• Quietening of thoughts and emotions
• Inner balance
• Release of energy blockages

Spiritual Effects

• Deepening of meditation
• Awakening and purification of the Chakras (energy centres)
• Expansion of consciousness